Chemical Control Of The Colorado Potato Beetle - 1717 Words

INTRODUCTION Pests are nuisances, vectors for disease, and hinder the production of food and other goods. Pests contribute to roughly 14% of the destruction of the world’s annual agricultural output. Additionally, they are vectors that allow for the transmission of many pathogens (Windley, 2012). The exact date that pesticides were implemented into the practice of agriculture is unknown; however, it is estimated that it likely has been around since the inception of early farming techniques. For instance, sulfur was recorded to have been used as a chemical control for mites and insects as early as 12000BC (Jones 1973). One common insecticide used in the Middle Ages in Persia and ancient China consisted of an ingredient from the Dalmatian pyrethrum flowers. Containing 1.5% of pyrethrin, the Dalmatian pyrethrum was the origin of an active insecticidal substance (Davies et al, 2007). Paris green (copper(II) acetate triarsenite or copper(II) acetoarsenite) was a key component in the chemical co ntrol of the Colorado potato beetle during its application in 1871 (Alyokhin 2009). The historical evidence of regular utilization of these insect deterrents indicates an awareness by early agriculturists of the interactions between pest and the unique properties of chemicals that destroy them. Furthermore, it is becoming more of a necessity to support the sustainability of the needs of an ever-growing population of humans. However, the world may be â€Å"cutting off the nose to spite the face†Show MoreRelatedPlants And Insects Have A Long History Together1328 Words   |  6 Pagesthe essential nutrients away from the plant. There are also insects that are predators. The predator insects help the plants by getting rid of the insects that are killing the plant. There are some plants that have a natural pesticide in their chemical make-up and can ward off unwanted bugs. There are other contributing factors to how much of an impact plants and insect have on each other. For example, there may be a plant in or near your garden that attracts insects that are harmful and onceRead More Genetically Engineered Crops Essays1872 Words   |  8 PagesGenetically Engineered Crops Chemical and seed companies have been working the last several years to alter the genetic make-up of certain crops to combat heavy pressure from insects and weeds. Through genetic manipulation plant breeders have been able to make certain crops resistant to different types of chemicals and insects. Breeders can alter the crops by adding to a specific plant one or more genes from other related crops with a known resistance to an insect or herbicide The use of geneticallyRead MoreEssay on Impacts of Agricutlure on the Environemnt1692 Words   |  7 Pagesbiodiversity, greenhouse gas emissions, and nutrient losses – have received major attention and continue to persist. Environmental concerns arise from many agricultural activities and sources including concentrated livestock production, pesticide and chemical use, deforestation, drainage of wetlands, soil erosion from cropland, and the use of fragile lands. Damage to Soil Soil erosion from farmland threatens the productivity of agricultural fields and causes a number of problems elsewhere in the environmentRead MoreDdt and Malaria2313 Words   |  10 PagesDDT is an effective control mechanism for containing the spread of malaria. However, when used as a control mechanism for agriculture, it has been shown to cause environmental harm to ecosystems in the area. This has lead to many misconceptions that DDT is strictly a harmful chemical that only leads to negative outcomes. However, there is evidence that shows the opposite when DDT is used as a control mechanism in controlling the spread of malaria. DDT should be used as a control mechanism against malariaRead MoreOptions for Biological Terrorism Attacks and Epidemiological Responses2939 Words   |  12 Pagestends to underestimate its effectiveness.   This strategy has been used before-it was a major weapon developed against the Allies in World War II.  Ã‚   By 1944, Germany had developed a lar ge-scale program to breed the Colorado beetle, which is a major pest of potato crops.   Although the beetle was never used as a weapon0 since Germany was defeated the following year, the potential damage produced by this organism could have altered the outcome of the war.   The potential for damage from an attack can beRead MoreLas 432 - Genetically Modified Foods Essay14589 Words   |  59 Pagescontends that (2012), â€Å"There was research on 46 different species with more than 300 traits being tested† (p. 26.). So things were going on at the research level, but the results were not moving forward. Bradford found this was due to regulatory controls. Because of the lack of consumer confidence in transgenic breeding the regulatory process for genetically modified foods was much different than for non-GMO foods. In contrast, foods using classic breeding processes were considered safe for consumption

Risk Assessment And Management Planning - 1774 Words

The Clinical Question â€Å"In the hospitalized adult patient, will the use of multifactorial fall risk assessments and management planning (Morse Fall Assessment) be more efficient in comparison to the current risk assessment (Heinrich model II) practice to prevent falls in the months of November- December in comparison to September- October.† Background Falls are a major health issue for older adults. One third of the population aged 65 and older will fall each year, and of those five to ten percent of falls cause serious injury. Direct injuries result from falls and have potential long-term consequences. These consequences may result in disability, fear of falling, loss of independence, and or death. Patient safety is always the forefront of clinical practice, with this being said, the education and implementation of a revised guideline will decrease the prevalence of said falls. Fall prevention is preventable through multiple avenues. Search for Evidence In collecting evidence for this project, the database CINAHL Plus with Full Text was used to extract articles from scholarly journals in the field of nursing. An initial general search was conducted using the combined terms â€Å"falls† and â€Å"scale† which yielded a handful of articles regarding fall assessment tool. However, a second search using the term â€Å"Morse fall† was conducted to broaden the scope of research, and we were able to make selections from these searches. The Science direct website also provided fast facts on theShow MoreRelatedRisk Assessment And Management Planning1770 Words   |  8 PagesThe Clinical Question: â€Å"In the hospitalized adult patient, will the use of multifactorial fall risk assessments and management planning (Morse Fall Assessment) be more efficient in comparison to the current risk assessment (Heinrich model II) practice to prevent falls in the months of November- December in comparison to September- October.† Background: Falls are a major health issue for older adults. One third of the population aged 65 and older will fall each year, and of those five to ten percentRead MoreThe Accounting Software Installation Project Case Study1680 Words   |  7 Pages EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SUBJECT OUTLINE Subject Number: Emergency Management Credit Points: 6 Subject Coordinator: Dr Jaya Kandasamy Subject Lecturer: Peter Garland Semester/Year: Spring 2007 Prerequisites: Completed a degree course Co-requisites: Nil, but a basic knowledge of local government procedures is helpful Anti-requisites: Nil, although some previous experience in local government and emergency management is useful. Read MoreReview on the Impact of Management Integrity on Audit Planning and Evidence948 Words   |  4 PagesReview on the Impact of Management Integrity on Audit Planning and Evidence Objective This research is done to assess the correlation between management integrity and RMM, audit planning and misstatement detection, which leads to analysis of the impact of management integrity information on audit conduct. Motivation Some cases of failures such as Enron and Sarbanes-Oxley have led public in general requiring auditors to be more careful in conducting their audit tasks, especially in termsRead MoreCase Study : Area Risk Assessment862 Words   |  4 PagesITGC Area Risk Assessment IT Management Low Systems Development Low Data Security Medium Change Management Low Business Continuity Planning High Alexandra DeHaven IT General Controls ITGC Area Summary of Issue Strength or Weakness IT Management FFC has an IT strategic plan Strength IT Management FFC has an IT Steering Committee Strength IT Management VP Information Security reports to CIO Weakness IT Management FFC plan matches IT plan Strength IT Management VP Applications reports to CIORead MoreThe Business Impact Analysis ( Bia ) And Risk Assessment1246 Words   |  5 Pagesanalysis (BIA) and risk assessment are foundational elements of every effective business continuity program; however, in our experience, many business continuity planning participants experience a lot of confusion regarding the definitions, relationship, and expected outcomes between the two processes. This confusion often results in outcomes that fail to drive preparedness. Avalution acknowledges that there are many different ways to design and execute BIA and risk assessment processes, dependingRead MoreCase Study : Strengths And Weaknesses1447 Words   |  6 PagesStrength or Weakness IT Management FFC has an IT strategic plan Strength IT Management FFC has an Executive Steering Committee Strength System Development FFC’s Internal Audit Committee has a voting member of project team responsible for new project Strength Change Management FFC’s IT personnel adequately test new procedure before implementation. Strength Business Continuity Planning FFC has no documented business continuity or disaster recovery plan Weakness IT Management FFC has an Executive SteeringRead MoreQuestions On Risk Assessment Process Essay944 Words   |  4 PagesRisk Assessment Process Every firm faces risks, both internal and external, that must be dealt with. In order to assess risk, the auditor must understand what roll the area that’s being audited plays in the business. The purpose of risk assessment is to identify and evaluate the risks relevant to that area of the business and to determine how to manage these risks. The auditor then identifies the internal controls that regulate those risks – these are the internal controls the auditor should focusRead MoreThe Homeland Security And Risk Management Programs1213 Words   |  5 Pagesthreats as the United States encounters new enemies as well as ongoing natural disasters. Regarding the topic of risk management lays an intriguing question. This question is how to appropriately coordinate risk management programs while acknowledging elements of focus in regards to different assets and the manner in which these assets are used. The homeland security uses risk assessments on all areas, which this pap er will be focusing on, to determine how to maintain the condition of an asset as wellRead MoreRisk Management Within Homeland Security Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages Risk Management within Homeland Security Risk management is applied in numerous ways by various agencies and organizations within the U.S. national security apparatus. One manner in which risk management is utilized by the Department of Defense is to mitigate vulnerabilities to personnel during military operations. Whether or not to recruit and deploy a double-agent is a primary focus of risk management within the CIA’s Counterespionage Group. Moreover, evaluatingRead MoreRisk Assessment For A Financial Institution Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancial institute. A risk assessment for a financial institution measures and helps manage compliance, financial and operational risks associated with both internal and external, activities and events. In today’s operating environment, numerous regulations and standards make risk assessment not only logical but vital for financial institutions. These are examples of regulation and laws that governs financial institutions, Regulatory compliance, Enterprise risk manag ement, Internal audit, Bank Secrecy

Developmental Trends of Temperament and Character - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Developmental Trends of Temperament and Character. Answer: Introduction: In the opinion of Raymond Cattell articulated in his Trait-based personality theories, a persons personality is the traits that predict a person's behavior (Eysenck 2013). In other words, personality can be defined as the set of habitual behaviors, cognitions and emotional patterns that evolve from biological and environmental factors (Eysenck 2013). Personality, therefore, is the response of an individual to the outside world around him or her (Lasswell 2017). Therefore, the concept of personality is used by the various individuals not only to respond to the outside world but also to portray an image of themselves to the outside world (Josefsson et al. 2013). I would like to comment here that in the present times I have become kind of an extrovert person who does not likes to interact much with the other people. In addition to this, I would also say that I am an intuitive person and often judge people on the basis of their personality or the way they themselves. However, at the same time I would comment that I am a very thinking person. Furthermore, instead of focusing on the short term goals I like to focus on the long term goals and hate to make the same kind of mistakes. Personal Value Inventory (PVI) is a tool which is used to measure the strengths as well as the weaknesses of a persons personality (Parks-Leduc et al. 2015). This particular tool takes the help of questionnaires to find out the most important behavioral traits of a person (Parks-Leduc et al. 2015). The tool of PVI is often used by the various individuals to get an idea about their key strengths and weaknesses (Dobewall et al. 2014). In general, the tool of PVI is used by the people to get an idea about their strengths and weakness and it also helps them in their personal development process (Hutteman et al. 2014). The concept of emotional intelligence has gained much popularity in the recent times and is increasingly being used by the various individuals to develop their overall character as well as personality (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee 2013). The concept of emotional intelligence can be defined as the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically (Zeidner, Matthews and Roberts 2012). It is significant to note that this particular concept is increasingly been seen as one of the most important traits of an effective leader in the present times and therefore, I would like to cultivate this particular concept in my own character or personality (Druskat, Mount and Sala 2013). The cultivation of this particular skill within my personality is likely to act as one of key strengths. The concept of leadership has gained much prominence in the recent times and it is a reflection of this particular fact that the various individuals focus on the development of this particular skills (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee 2013). The term is generally defined as the ability or the skill to lead other people or individuals towards the achievement of their desired goals as well as objectives (Goleman, Boyatzis and McKee 2013). I would like to add here that this particular skill is something which I would like to inculcate within my own personality as that would help me in a significant manner in the later part of life when I will start working. I would like to say here that I like to kind of people who are self made and have fought through all the odds of life to attain the success which they now hold. I admire the never give-up spirit among the individuals. Bill Gates was a National Merit Scholar at the Lakeside School in 1973 and scored an impressive 1590 out of 1600 on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SAT) in the year 1973 to gain admission at the Harvard College. It is significant to note that his parents wanted to pursue him a career in law however he followed his passion and studied mathematics and computer science. His changing moment in life came with his association with Microsoft and he became one of the primary reasons for the success attained by the company in the later years. Therefore, I admire the persona of Bill Gates and consider him as my mentor as defied all odds and followed his passion. His life when thoroughly analyzed would provide an important lesson in the concept of perseverance. These in short are s ome of the reasons why I admire Bill Gates and consider him to be my mentor. The qualities of Gates like the way he followed his passion, his perseverance, hard work and other skills would help me succeed in life like him. I have applied for a human resource job as part of the class activity and I hope that this is going to help me in my future prospects of gaining a better job in the HR industry. The concerned job will provide me with various key skills like the process of effective communication, the way to handle as well as tackle various diverse people, time management skills, working in a team environment and others. I would like to say that working in a team environment would be my strength when later on in my life I would apply for the HR job. The results of my personality test show that I am an extrovert and therefore I would be able to easily adapt to the team environment. It is significant to note that the HR job is a very diverse job and needs the effective use of team work for a better performance of not only the individual person but also of the entire team. Therefore, I would say that these are likely to form my key areas of strength. The employers look for various qualities as well as strengths among the fresh graduates. The primary skills which the various employers look for in the fresh graduates are effective communication skills, time management, adaptability to diverse critical situations and others. It is significant to note that some of the employers also look for some kind of work experience among the employees however in the case of the fresh employees this particular aspect is not that important. The employers focus on the effective communication skills as that would enable the fresh graduates to interact with the various diverse entities of the business organization concerned in a much better manner. It is generally seen that the most of the business organizations in the present times require the process of effective communication as it forms one of the key aspects of their business process. Moreover, this particular skill becomes especially significant when the HR industry is taken into consideration in which I hope to enter in the future times. Furthermore, the various business organizations also focus on the various time management skills as that would help the employees to complete the job roles assigned to them within the timeframe. These in short are some of the key skills which the various employers look for in the fresh graduates. I would like to add here that these were totally new concepts to me and therefore initially I faced some difficulties with these concepts. Thus, I had to take the help of my teachers, parents and also my friends to get to know about these concepts in a much better and also to implement them in a much better manner in my life. I would like to say here that finding the strengths as well as the weaknesses of mine own self was a bit difficult for me. Initially I was a bit confused about the key strengths as well as the weaknesses of mine own character. I would like to comment here the personality test helped me a lot to determine the strength as well as the weaknesses of mine own-self. Furthermore, the various recent activities and group activities in which I was recently involved in helped a lot to find about my own personal strengths as well as weaknesses. Furthermore, the tough situations in which I was involved throughout the course of my life also gave me an idea about the key strengths as well as weaknesses of mine own character. In addition to these, the suggestions given by my professors at various point of my educational career also helped a lot in finding about my key strengths as well as weaknesses. The viewpoints of my parents also helped me a lot in the process. I would also like to say that find ing about mine own strengths as well as weaknesses helped me to get an idea about the activities which I would be able to do in a much better and the ones which I will not be able to do. The knowledge of this particular aspect is very essential as it gives an idea about the strengths as well as limitations of ones own self. I would like to say here that hard work is a very relative concept and its definition depends on the particular context in which it is being used. Therefore, a person who appears to be working hard as per the perspective of one person might not be working hard as per the perspective of another person. I would like to comment here that hard work forms an important part of the various governmental jobs. In my personal opinion, a hard working employee is not only the one who works towards the achievement of the personal work target given to him or her by the management of the governmental organization but also the ones work effortlessly towards the achievement of the entire teams target and also the motivates the other employees to achieve the job roles which is required of him or her. In addition to these, a hard working employee also takes the onus on himself or herself to teach the other employees of the organization who are new the required skills which will help them in the process of the achievement of the target or job roles which have been ascribed to them by the management of the organization. I would like to say that initially this particular concept seemed a bit difficult to me and I had a hard time following this particular concept. As the results of my personality test reveals I am extrovert person and not much used to hard ward. Therefore, the idea seemed a bit difficult and I had to seek the guidance of others to implement this particular idea in my life. I would also like to add here that critical thinking forms an important part of the lives of the various individuals and helps them in the achievement of the various goals or the objectives not only set by them but also by the organization or the company in which they are working. Critical thinking not only helps the various individuals to overcome the various difficult situations in the life of an individual but also helps them to perform the tasks or the job roles ascribed to them in a much better or innovative. Therefore, it is seen that the various individuals as well as the business organizations insist that the individuals must use as well as inculcate the concept of critical thinking in their every day to day activities. Furthermore, the concept of critical thinking also helps the various individuals to break out of the boredom of their lives and also to do the same tasks which they are required to do every day in a much innovative or better manner. therefore, it can also be s aid that the use of this particular concepts adds to the feel good factor of the various individuals as it enables them not only to do things in a much better manner and but also to think that they have something significant. Furthermore, I would like to add here that at school and other place we had been taught to just follow the books which have been provided to use and therefore we were not much required to use our critical thinking skills. Thus, this particular concept seemed not only new to me but also a bit difficult as in the earlier part of my life I had not used this particular concept. As the results of my personality tests show and as I already mentioned I am an extrovert and like to think about the long term goals or benefits rather than short term ones. Therefore, this will be a bit difficult for me as it would require me to channelize all my thinking process towards the achievement of one particular goal or objective. I would like comment here that this would be a bit difficult for me as I am an extrovert. Furthermore, the development of this process will also require me to focus on various short term goals rather than the long ones which is something that I do not like to indulge in. it is true that the development of the faculty of critical thinking would help me in a significant manner not only in the present times but would also enhance my future job prospects however this will require me to do something which is totally contrary to my nature. Therefore, the activity was a kind of a challenge to me as I had not faced similar kinds of situations in the earli er part of our lives. I would like to mention here that as part of the class activity I undertook a voluntary community service and later on I was interviewed by our professor Mrs Shoba. I would like to add here that the activity which I added recently had some positive as well as negative aspects. The positive aspect of it was that I was able to gain a valuable amount of information as well as experiences. However, there were some negative aspects as well for example the area in which we did the community service was an aboriginal one and not very developed. Therefore, there was a shortage of food for us when we reached and on top of that when we reached that particular and prepared our food, the food was stolen by the mothers of some of the aboriginal children. This left us in a very helpless situation and we had to spend the whole day without any food. I would like to add here that we did not take much of food with us as we thought that we would get substantial amount of food from the locality however that was not the case. I would like to add here that not only we had to depend on our very limited food reserves but also the limited amount of food which we took with ourselves was stolen by the natives. In addition to this, when I was distributing the toothbrush kits to the children I could not find all of them at one place and therefore a lot of commotion was caused during the process. I would also like to add here that the aboriginals were not only undedicated people but very greedy at the same time and added to our miseries at the workshop in a significant manner. These in short were some of the worst experiences which I had during the community service. Therefore, I would like to say that the community service was kind of a mixed experience for me. To conclude, personality forms an important part of the lives of the individuals. It is significant to note that knowing about the strengths as well as the weaknesses of ones own character or personality helps the various individuals in a significant manner. The individuals can take the help of the various kinds of personality tests to not only find about the strengths as well as the weaknesses of their own character but can also get to know themselves in a much better manner. References Dobewall, H., Aavik, T., Konstabel, K., Schwartz, S.H. and Realo, A., 2014. A comparison of self-other agreement in personal values versus the Big Five personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality, 50, pp.1-10. Druskat, V.U., Mount, G. and Sala, F., 2013.Linking emotional intelligence and performance at work: Current research evidence with individuals and groups. Psychology Press. Eysenck, H.J., 2013.The structure of human personality (Psychology Revivals). Routledge. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R.E. and McKee, A., 2013.Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R.E. and McKee, A., 2013.Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Hutteman, R., Hennecke, M., Orth, U., Reitz, A.K. and Specht, J., 2014. Developmental tasks as a framework to study personality development in adulthood and old age. European Journal of Personality, 28(3), pp.267-278. Josefsson, K., Jokela, M., Cloninger, C.R., Hintsanen, M., Salo, J., Hintsa, T., Pulkki-Rback, L. and Keltikangas-Jrvinen, L., 2013. Maturity and change in personality: developmental trends of temperament and character in adulthood.Development and psychopathology,25(3), pp.713-727. Lasswell, H.D., 2017.Power and personality. Routledge. Parks-Leduc, L., Feldman, G. and Bardi, A., 2015. Personality traits and personal values: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19(1), pp.3-29. Zeidner, M., Matthews, G. and Roberts, R.D., 2012.What we know about emotional intelligence: How it affects learning, work, relationships, and our mental health. MIT press.

Solution Jobless Graduate in Malaysia free essay sample

This research is to identify future help which can contribute towards reducing the unemployment rate of graduates in Malaysia. It does so by gaining initial insights into this problem through two groups: graduates and employers. The data draws on why graduates are unemployed from their own perspective as well as employers’ expectations towards the new workforce. The study concludes with two striking observations. Firstly, the graduates themselves feel that they are to be blamed for being unemployed. In addition, the employers to feel similarly, so are reinforcing graduates’ attitudes as one of the major reasons for graduates’ unemployment. In February 2006, the Berita Harian, a local newspaper, reported that every year Malaysia produces 60,000 graduates. 20,217 jobless graduates registered themselves with the Ministry of Human Resources Malaysia in June 2006. Tables 1 and 2 show the rate of unemployment among graduates according to universities and courses in Malaysia. Table 1: Unemployment among graduates according to universities In general, there are common perceived reasons as to why graduates are unemployed in Malaysia. We will write a custom essay sample on Solution Jobless Graduate in Malaysia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Graduates lack skills they are not able to impress employers during interviews because they do not have the right skills like presentation and communication skills which include proficiency in English. In addition, they cannot perform to contribute to the company once they start work because they are not â€Å"work-ready†. Malaysian universities are not producing â€Å"work-ready† graduates because the country’s education system is too exam-oriented. They produce graduates who are competent theory-wise but have no sufficient practical exposure. Finally, another common relevant reason is related to the mismatch between what the universities are producing and what the Malaysian job-market seeks. Finally, This unemployment dilemma might also be the result of the nature of computer science where skills are always changing and dynamic or, as Hesketh (2000) terms, as ‘converging’. This phenomenon has caused a commotion in Malaysia where local society is tarting to accept that there is no guarantee of employment after a degree. This has made graduates automatically enroll themselves for postgraduate programmes; parents become more concerned about the courses their children are signing up for or are it their child employment at the end of the study period and educators no longer stress educational excellence only but have started to recognize that skills need to be taught. Reacting to the problem, the Malaysian Government has taken crucial steps to face this problem. Examples of three such steps taken by the Government are the training scheme for unemployed graduates, teaching more subjects in English at school level, and the introduction of the Electronic Labour Exchange System (ELX) which are detailed below: 1. The training scheme for unemployed graduates: The objective of the Graduate Training Scheme 2005 is to assist and equip unemployed graduates with specialized skills to enhance employability, including English Language. It is targeted at degree or diploma graduates from 2002 onwards. The Government sponsors the programme fee, which is a generous monthly allowance of RM500. . More subjects at school level taught in English: In 2002, the Government announced that from 2003 onwards, the teaching of Science and Mathematics would be carried out in English, in order to ensure that Malaysia will not be left behind in a world that was rapidly becoming globalized. In addition, this programme aims to arrest the declining command of the language amo ng students. All public universities were urged to change the medium of instruction from Malay to English in science and technology subjects in 2005. 3. The Electronic Labour Exchange (ELX) project: This project was officially launched by the Minister of Human Resources, Datuk Dr. Fong Chan Onn on 30 May 2006. It acts as a one-stop centre for labour market information, and is accessible to government agencies, the private sector and the general public. The Job Clearing System offers free-of-charge job matching services for the Malaysian public and employers. The Government hopes that the objectives of improving the mobilization of the nations human resources and optimizing the utilization of manpower through the systematic matching of job seekers to job vacancies can be achieved. Finally, the Prime Minister’s Department in the Economic Planning Unit FAQ webpage states the short and long term measures implemented by the government on the issue of unemployed graduates in the country as the following: 1. Review the curriculum of the university to ensure graduates are equipped with the skills and knowledge required by the industry and employers. In this regard, soft skill subjects such as communication, problem-solving and language skills especially English, have been introduced. The usage of English as learning and teaching medium was also strengthened. 2. Double major subjects will also be introduced to ensure graduates possess broader knowledge. 3. Introduce Entrepreneurship Programmes to encourage graduates to be self-employed. 4. Conduct studies and findings of the studies will be used as inputs for government in formulating comprehensive policies and programmes. Even so, the effectiveness of these actions is debatable in terms of solving this unemployment crisis among graduates. It is absolutely crucial to get to the root of this problem if the state wants to generate future-proof graduates, regardless of their specializations as these are the graduates who can withstand the speed of change in the real world. Such ‘future-proofing’ requires the examination of employability which is discussed in the next section. From an employer’s perspective, the top skills that they desire in new graduates are: positive attitude, initiative, team player and awareness of own strength and weaknesses. 8% of employers gave negative comments when relating the education system to unemployment of graduates. 91% of employers foresee changes in job requirements in graduates and 59% say the changes will concern employability skills. Most employers mention that an employable graduate has to have skills under an essential skills list. Finally, 51% of employers stress graduates’ attitude in relation to unemployment while 64% of employers relate unemployment t o the graduates themselves. Some of the report supports that the further development of a range of what it calls ‘key’ skills during higher education: communication, both oral and written, numeracy, the use of communications and information technology and learning how to learn. The report argues that these are necessary outcomes of all higher education programmes, namely: 1. Communication: speaking, listening, reading and writing skills. 2. Application of Number: interpreting information involving numbers, carrying out calculations, interpreting results and presenting findings 3. Information Communication Technology: finding, exploring, developing and presenting information including text, images and numbers 4. Working with others: includes process and interpersonal skills to support working cooperatively with others to achieve shared objectives, work cooperatively and have regard for others 5. Improving own learning and performance: developing independent learners who are clearly focused on what they want to achieve and able to work towards targets that will improve the quality of their learning and performance. 6. Problem solving: encouraging learners to develop and demonstrate their ability to tackle problems systematically, for the purpose of working towards their solution and learning from this process. In the Dest Report (March 2002) â€Å"Employability Skills for the Future†, employers were seeking highly skilled and generically skilled graduates. The report defines employability as skills required not only to gain employment but also to progress within an enterprise so as to achieve one’s potential and contributes successfully to enterprise strategic directions. The research offers an employability skill framework that has three key terms which are personal attributes skills and elements. These key skills are explicitly defined with more sub-skills and examples. To illustrate this, personal attributes encompasses: loyalty, commitment, honesty and integrity, enthusiasm, reliability, personal presentation, commonsense, positive self-esteem, sense of humour, balance to work and home life, ability to deal with pressure, motivation and adaptability. All these definitions are similar in the way that they view employability as primarily characteristics of an individual. In other words, employability is a set of individuals’ skills and attributes. On the other hand, there are attempts to define employability in a more holistic approach, for example, by the Canadian Labour Force (1994), Hillage and Pollard (1998) and the Northern Ireland Executive (2002). The literature developed by Hillage and Pollard (1998) offers this definition: Employability is the capability to move self-sufficiency within the labour market to realize potential through sustainable employment. For the individual, employability depends on the knowledge, skills and attitudes they possess, the way they use these assets and present them to employers and the context (e. g. personal circumstances and labour market environment) within which they seek work. [p. xi,1999] What Hillage and Pollard (1998) term as ‘context’ is also emphasized in an example of a broader concept of employability presented in the employability framework by McQuaid and Lindsay (2005). It is a holistic framework of employability which comprises 3 main interrelated components: individual factors, personal circumstances and external factors. The component covering ‘individual factors’ involves: employability skills and attributes, demographic characteristics, health and well-being, job seeking and adaptability and mobility. The second component, the ‘personal circumstances’ lists: household circumstances, work culture, and access to resources. The third component which covers ‘external factors’ involves: demand factors and enabling support factors. All these definitions are similar in the way that they view employability as primarily characteristics of an individual. In other words, employability is a set of individuals’ skills and attributes. Reason for unemployment Figure: Reasons for unemployment from graduates’ point of view The findings reveal: 1. The graduates: 40% of graduates agree that they themselves are to be blamed for being jobless because they are not pressured to find jobs. 2. English proficiency: 40% of graduates agree that if more courses at university level are conducted in English, it will help them secure a job. Another 40% of graduates agree that having low English proficiency makes them not confident especially during the interview. 3. Government: 76% of graduates say that they have enrolled themselves in a course with no job prospects. In the late 90s, the Government announced that there will be ample job opportunity in ICT sectors, the universities doubled student intake, and resulted in more graduates than jobs. 4. Universities: 64% of graduates blame the teaching methodology at universities as too conservative and rigid: â€Å"chalk and talk† with nothing to nurture them into being an all rounder and making them marketable for the job market. Solution for jobless graduates in Malaysia The solution for unemployment is, obviously, to create new jobs. Usually, a  healthy economic growth rate  of 2-3% is enough to create the 150,000 new jobs needed to keep unemployment from rising. When unemployment creeps above 6-7% and stays there, it means the economy isnt strong enough to create sufficient new jobs without help. Thats when the government is expected to step in and provide solutions. Monetary Policy: The solution used first to address sustained  high unemployment  is a monetary stimulus from the  Federal Reserve. Expansive monetary policy  is powerful, quick and usually effective. Lower interest rate sallow families to borrow more cheaply to buy what they need, like cars, homes and consumer electronics. This stimulates enough  demand  to put the economy back on track. Low interest rates also allow businesses to borrow for less, giving them the capital to hire new workers to meet rising demand. Fiscal Policy: However, when monetary policy doesnt work, then fiscal policy  is usually demanded. This means the government must either cut taxes or increase spending to stimulate the economy. Fiscal policy is usually slower to get started, since Congress and the President must agree on what should be done. However, it can be more effective once executed. It also provides much-needed confidence that the government will stimulate the economy and things will get better. Confidence is a crucial ingredient in convincing people to spend now for a better future. Cutting taxes has a similar, but even more direct, effect as lower interest rates. It gives consumers more money to spend, increasing demand. It also cuts costs for businesses, which can use the cash to invest in their business and hire more workers. Government spending usually takes the form of jobs programs, where the government hires workers and businesses directly to build things or provide services. This acts like a tax cut, by providing consumers the cash they need to buy more products. . Enhance student soft skill and knowledge Lecturers, being the closest people to students, should continually encourage them to gain work experience and soft skills on campus and off campus. A lecturer may use several approaches to enhance their skills and knowledge; for example to stimulate the minds of students with discussions and case studies. This approach may help students integrate their knowledge a nd skills with real cases. Apart from that, the lecturer may also allow students to interact with outsiders or to organize social activities. This will force students to go out and exposed themselves to the outside world and conduct research as partial fulfillment for their degree programs. The process in preparing research involves skill and knowledge. 2. Increases students employability prospect and English skill The one of the programmed from government is The Graduate Career Accelerated Program (GCAP), which aims to improve the employability of unemployed graduates and English level of graduates. GCAP is a free graduate employability program. The oral and written English language acquisition sessions with GCAP will bring graduates to a new level of confidence for a brighter future and also increases their employability pros 3. Student themselves They should change their mindset and attitude when they are seeking a job. The student had to understand what the skill that are the employer looking for and what the expectation of the company. A student also has to practice or doing a mock interview before a real interview. With a well prepared and great impression during the interview will give high expectation for an employer to hire a student. . Revising the university curriculum from time to time The university should revise the curriculum so it can suited nowadays company and job requirement. Consequently, there are suggestions in three ways, which tertiary higher education can start instilling good employability skills and attitudes in future graduates: 1. Affective teaching and learning in the curriculum. Teaching and lea rning should prepare graduates to harness their potential to meet skills required by employers. 2. Reinforcement of students’ emotional quotient (EQ). Through competence in emotional literacy, students are believed to have better life chances and achieve success. 3. Recognizing and appreciating lecturers who are not only committed to teaching and learning but are also sensitive to the well being of students. A good lecturer is described as being accessible, enthusiastic and passionate. Students want lecturers who they can connect to, learn with and be inspired by (Wright, 2005). If greater recognition is given to teaching abilities and its value in the academic world, it will effectively develop both the profession and that of the students’ knowledge, skills and competencies in the future.

Radon Chemical and Physical Properties

Radon Chemical and Physical Properties Atomic Number: 86 Symbol: Rn Atomic Weight: 222.0176 Discovery: Fredrich Ernst Dorn 1898 or 1900 (Germany), discovered the element and called it radium emanation. Ramsay and Gray isolated the element in 1908 and named it niton. Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 Word Origin: from radium. Radon was once called niton, from the Latin word nitens, which means shining Isotopes: At least 34 isotopes of radon are known ranging from Rn-195 to Rn-228. There are no stable isotopes of radon. The isotope radon-222 is the most stable isotope and called thoron and emanates naturally from thorium. Thoron is an alpha-emitter with a half-life of 3.8232 days. Radon-219 is called actinon and emanates from actinium. It is an alpha-emitter with a half-life of 3.96 sec. Properties: Radon has a melting point of -71Â °C, boiling point of -61.8 Â °C, gas density of 9.73 g/l, specific gravity of the liquid state of 4.4 at -62Â °C, specific gravity of the solid state of 4, usually with a valence of 0 (it does form some compounds, however, such as radon fluoride). Radon is a colorless gas at normal temperatures. It is also the heaviest of the gases. When it is cooled below its freezing point it displays a brilliant phosphorescence. The phosphorescence is yellow as the temperature is lowered, becoming orange-red at the temperature of liquid air. Inhalation of radon presents a health risk. Radon build-up is a health consideration when working with radium, thorium, or actinium. It is also a potential issue in uranium mines. Sources: It is estimated that each square mile of soil to a depth of 6 inches contains approximately 1 g of radium, which releases radon to the atmosphere. The average concentration of radon is about 1 sextillion parts of air. Radon naturally occurs in some spring waters. Element Classification: Inert Gas Physical Data Density (g/cc): 4.4 ( -62Â °C) Melting Point (K): 202 Boiling Point (K): 211.4 Appearance: heavy radioactive gas Specific Heat (20Â °C J/g mol): 0.094 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 18.1 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 1036.5 Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic CAS Registry Number: 10043-92-2 Trivia Ernest Rutherford is sometimes credited with the discovery of radon. He actually discovered the alpha particle radiation given off by radon.Radon became the official name for element 86 in 1923. The IUPAC chose radon from the names radon (Rn), thoron (Tn) and actinon (An). The other two names are given to isotopes of radon. Thoron is Rn-220 and actinon became Rn-219.Other suggested names for radon included radium emanation, niton, extadio, exthorio, exactinio, akton, radeon, thoreon and actineon.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency lists radon as the second highest cause of lung cancer. References Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001)Crescent Chemical Company (2001)Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952)CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed)International Atomic Energy Agency ENSDF database (Oct 2010)

The Difference Between Procedural and Substantive Law

The Difference Between Procedural and Substantive Law Procedural law and substantive law are the two primary categories of law in the dual U.S. court system. These two types of law play different but essential roles in protecting the rights of individuals in the United States criminal justice system. Key Terms Procedural law is the set of rules by which courts in the United States decide the outcomes of all criminal, civil, and administrative cases.  Substantive law describes how people are expected to behave according to accepted social norms.  Procedural laws govern how court proceedings dealing with the enforcement of substantive laws are conducted.   Two Categories of Law Substantive law - literally the â€Å"substance† of the law - governs how people are expected to behave according to accepted social norms. The Ten Commandments, for example, is a set of substantive laws. Today, substantive law defines rights and responsibilities in all court proceedings. In criminal cases, substantive law governs how guilt or innocence is to be determined, and how crimes are charged and punished. Procedural laws govern how court proceedings that deal with the enforcement of substantive laws are conducted. Since the primary object of all court proceedings is to determine the truth according to the best available evidence, procedural laws of evidence govern the admissibility of evidence and the presentation and testimony of witnesses. For example, when judges sustain or overrule objections raised by lawyers, they do so according to procedural laws. Both procedural and substantive law may be altered over time by Supreme Court rulings and constitutional interpretations. Application of Criminal Procedural Law While each state has adopted its own set of procedural laws, usually called a â€Å"Code of Criminal Procedure,† the basic procedures followed in most jurisdictions include: All arrests must be based on probable cause;Prosecutors file charges that must clearly spell out what crimes the accused person allegedly committed;The accused person is arraigned before a judge and given the opportunity to enter a plea - a statement of guilt or innocence;The judge asks the accused whether they need a court-appointed attorney or will supply their own attorney;The judge will either grant or deny the accused bail or bond and set an amount to be paid;An official notice to appear in court is delivered to the accused;If the accused and prosecutors cannot reach a plea bargain agreement, trial dates are set;If the accused person is convicted at trial, the judge advises them of their rights to appeal;In the case of guilty verdicts, the trial moves to the sentencing phase. In most states, the same laws that define criminal offenses also set the maximum sentences that can be imposed, from fines to time in jail. However, the state and federal courts follow very different procedural laws for sentencing. Sentencing In State Courts The procedural laws of some states provide for a bifurcated or two-part trial system, in which sentencing is conducted in a separate trial held after a guilty verdict has been reached. The sentencing phase trial follows the same basic procedural laws as the guilt or innocence phase, with the same jury hearing evidence and determining sentences. The judge will advise the jury of the range of severity of sentences that may be imposed under state law. Sentencing In Federal Courts In the federal courts, judges themselves impose sentences based on a more narrow set of federal sentencing guidelines. In determining an appropriate sentence’ the judge, rather than a jury, will consider a report on the defendant’s criminal history prepared by a federal probation officer, as well as evidence presented during the trial. In the federal criminal courts, judges use a point system based on the defendant’s prior convictions, if any, in applying the federal sentencing guidelines. In addition, federal judges do not have the leeway to impose sentences more or less severe than those allowed under the federal sentencing guidelines. Sources of Procedural Laws Procedural law is established by each individual jurisdiction. Both the state and federal courts have created their own sets of procedures. In addition, county and municipal courts may have specific procedures that must that must be followed. These procedures typically include how cases are filed with the court, how parties involved are notified, and how official records of court proceedings are handled. In most jurisdictions, procedural laws are found in publications such as the â€Å"Rules of Civil Procedure,† and â€Å"Rules of Court.† The procedural laws of the federal courts can be found in the â€Å"Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.† Basic Elements of Substantive Criminal Law In comparison to procedural criminal law, substantive criminal law involves the â€Å"substance† of the charges filed against accused persons. Every charge is made up of elements, or the specific acts required to amount to the commission of a crime. Substantive law requires that prosecutors prove beyond all reasonable doubt that every element of crime took place as charged in order for the accused person to be convicted of that crime. For example, to secure a conviction for a charge of felony-level driving while intoxicated, prosecutors must prove the following substantive elements of the crime: The accused person was, in fact, the person operating the motor vehicle;The vehicle was being operated on a public roadway;The accused person was legally intoxicated while operating the vehicle; andThe accused person had prior convictions for driving while intoxicated. Other substantive state laws involved in the above example include: The maximum allowed percentage of alcohol in the accused person’s blood at the time of arrest; andThe number of prior convictions for driving while intoxicated. Because both procedural and substantive laws can vary by state and sometimes by county, persons charged with crimes should consult with a certified criminal law attorney practicing in their jurisdiction. Sources of Substantive Law In the United States, substantive law comes from the state legislatures and Common Law - law based on societal customs and enforced by the courts. Historically, Common Law made up set of statutes and case law that governed England and the American colonies prior to the American Revolution. During the 20th century, substantive laws changed and grew in number quickly as Congress and the state legislatures moved to unify and modernize many principles of Common Law. For example, since its enactment in 1952, the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), governing commercial transactions has been fully or partially adopted by all U.S. states to replace the Common Law and differing state laws as the single authoritative source of substantive commercial law.

Internet Banking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Internet Banking - Research Paper Example As to the exposure to the internet is concerned almost all those who said they did have exposure to internet for over a year also said that they had internet banking exposure for over a year which is very welcome since most of the people who are on the internet seem to be more inclined towards using internet for this purpose. Most people (40%) felt that the internet banking enabled them to do their job quickly and only 20% felt that it does not help them do their job quickly. Others felt neither or did not comment. This indicates there is an overall speed increase in the process. This has also resulted in 40% of the people saying that their productivity has gone up and 45% said that their effectiveness in utilizing the services have gone up. The same is not the case with the utilization of banking services, which the respondents seem to feel is more towards disagreeing. 40% said the internet banking has NOT improved their services. Around 35% said they perceived an improvement in the service. Nearly 45% of the respondents also felt that it was not easy to use the internet banking facility. This implies that the sites are not really user friendly and the usability factor of the websites has to be analyzed. The overall banking usefulness as percei... The overall banking usefulness as perceived was checked and was found to be more in favor of yes as shown above. The number of people who perceived that the internet banking is not useful was just 15%. This implies that the overall reaction of the people is towards satisfactory internet banking. The above pie chart shows that there are also undecided people of almost 45% of the surveyed lot who could be turned positive with a little effort. Trust From the analysis of the survey results, it is found that the overall satisfaction levels in the case of trust is also in favor of the bank. However, some of the important questions in this regard, 'I feel trustworthy towards my bank' and 'Using internet banking is secure' has evoked a strong neutral stand from the respondents. This indicates that the majority of them are still in a dilemma as to use the internet banking or not to use it. This dilemma can easily be turned positive by suitable promotion and clarifications for the clients of the bank. Another interesting point to note is the fact that nearly 40% of the people have said they may not trust the bank with their private information. This possibly stems from the idea that the respondents might be getting from the bank that they are sharing their personal information with others merchants. But the overall trust in the bank has not diminished as per the figure below. There are more people who are saying they trust their bank without any holds. There is also 40% of people who say that they are neutral; not saying no but at the same time not saying yes either. This is a group that needs further analysis by the bank as to why this is happening and may be efforts to be taken to set this right. Perceived Ease

Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 62

Outline - Essay Example There, Michelangelo learned the technique of panel painting for a few months. He was supposed to stay there for not less than three years, but an extraordinary opportunity opened to him. At the recommendation of Ghirlandaio, he moved into the house of Florentine ruler Lorenzo the Magnificent. One of the powerful Medici families, where he studied classical sculpture in the Medici gardens (Poeschke 26). This is a great time for Michelangelo; his experience with the Medici group, permit him access to the social elite of Florence, which allowed him to learn under the respected sculptor Bertoldo di Giovanni, Donatellos pupil, and introducing him to prominent poets, Humanists and scholars . Piero de Medici initiates Michelangelo to the Augustinian friars from the Church of Saint Spirit in Florence, who was hosting the young talent within their convent. He was given a special permission to learn cadavers for insight into anatomy; through the introduction to corpses he had an adverse effect on his health. These combined factors laid the basis for what would become Michelangelos unique style: a muscular concept and reality combined with a touching beauty. As a sign of appreciation to the friars, Michelangelo made a wooden Crucifix, which is still inside the Church of Saint Spirit. Slightly before the Medici family were banished from Florence, Michelangelo moved to Bologna hosted by Gianfranco Aldrovandi and then to Venice, where he continued his studies of literature and sculpture practice. He returned to Florence in 1495 where he begun the work as a sculptor, modeling his style after masterpieces of classical antiquity, In 1496, Michelangelo moved to Rome because of the famous Sleeping Cupid affair that had made him a reputation. He hoped to find new donors for his creations. He started modeling a marble Bacchus, under the patronage of the banker Jacopo Galli. On August 27, 1498 Michelangelo signed his first break

Work ethic Essay Example for Free

Work ethic Essay I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. penis penis penis penis I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond. I would really like you to tell them that although I am goal oriented, I am by no means one-dimensional. Challenging myself academically is not a chore but rather a process culminating in self-esteem and satisfaction. I have done everything to keep a wide array of options open and am looking forward to a traditional college experience including strong school spirit, a Greek system, a strength in science and the opportunity to connect socially with other active, interesting students. I am armed with a fierce independence, well-grounded sense of self, a strong work ethic, drive to succeed, and disarming personality. I am looking forward to college with enthusiasm. The above-mentioned qualities along with my zest for all life has to offer translate into success in college and beyond.

Rudolph Christian Karl Diesel :: essays research papers

Rudolph Christian Karl Diesel Rudolph Diesel was born on March 18, 1858 in Paris. On September 4, 1870 Rudolph's family moved to England. In late November they decided it would be better for Rudolph to continue his schooling in Germany so he moved there on his own and stayed with a young professor. The problems Rudolph was trying to solve were the noise, size and unreliability of the steam engine. he wanted to create something that superheated ammonia gas could take the place of steam in a steam engine. He wanted to enable much higher compression pressures to be used than was able with conventional steam engines. In this way he could make greater use of heat energy. Rudolph was 32 when he finally accomplished his goal of creating the first ever Diesel Engine. To create the Diesel engine which made Rudolph famous he had to take the original steam engine and give it exhaust valves water cooling for the cylinder head and barrel and a compressed air fuel-injection system to ensure that the liquid fuel was forced into the combustion space with sufficient pressure to overcome the air in the cylinder. This basic idea of how to go about creating the engine was modified and improved many times before finally prefected in 1896. To do this Rudolph had to have a great understanding of Thermodynamics. He had to know basic principles of engines and how they work. Rudolph got help from many people. Some of the people that helped him are Machine-fabric Augsburg, Gasmotoren-Fabric Deutz and Mannesmann-Werke. It took them six years to finish the Diesel Engine. It was important because it gave a new and easier way of using engines. It gave a way for large vehicles to transport goods safely.

Justice Process

During the past 30 years the prison population has changed. 1. There has been a major Increase in the number of African American and Hispanic American Inmates. 2. More Inmates come from urban areas. 3. More inmates have been convicted of drug-related and violent offenses. 4. Former street gangs regroup inside prisons and have raised levels of violence in many institutions. 5. The rise of public employee unions have improved working conditions, safety procedures, and training. E. Current focus of corrections has shifted to crime control, which emphasizes the Importance of Incarceration.II. The Goals of Incarceration A. Three models of incarceration have been prominent since the early 1 sass: 1. The custodial model – based on the assumption that prisoners have been incarcerated for the protection of society and emphasizes security, discipline, and order subordinating the prisoner to the authority of the warden.. This model was prevalent in corrections before World War II and dom inates most maximum-security Institutions today. 2. The rehabilitation model – developed In the asses, It emphasizes treatment programs to reform the offender. 3.The reintegration model – inked to the structures and goals of community corrections, it emphasizes maintaining offender ties to family and community. B. Correctional institutions that conform to each of these models can be found, but most prisons are mainly custodial. Ill. Organization for Incarceration A. Statistics 1. Prisons are operated by all 50 states and the federal government. 2. There are 1,208 confinement facilities; 85 % are run by the states. 3. 84 % of the facilities are for men only. 4. 8% are for women only. B. Federal Bureau of Prisons 1.Jurisdiction of federal criminal law is restricted to crimes involving interstate amerce, certain serious felonies such as bank robbery, violation of other federal laws and crimes committed on federal property. 2. Since the â€Å"war on drugs† in the as ses, drug offenders in federal prisons make up about 56% of the inmate population. 3. Federal prisoners are often a more sophisticated breed of criminal, from a higher socioeconomic class, than the typical state prisoner. 4. Federal sentencing guidelines have increased the probability of imprisonment substantially. 5.The bureau of prison is highly centralized with a staff of over 33,000 who supervise more than 150,000 prisoners. . The bureau operates 104 confinement facilities (see figure 10. 1). C. State Prison Systems -94% of offenders are held in confinement facilities operated by the state; administration of prisons is a function of the executive branch. 1 . The total capacity of a state's prisons reflects the size of the state's population. 2. States vary considerably in the number, size, type, and location of correctional facilities. 3. Over 435,000 people work in state institutions. V. The Design and Classification of Prisons A. Form follows function: the design of a structur e should serve its purpose. 1. During the penitentiary era, institutions were to promote penance. 2. When prison industry became the focus, a different design enhanced the efficiency of workshops. 3. When punishment held sway, emphasis was on the fortress-like edifice that ensures security. 4. During the rehabilitation era, new prisons were built in styles thought to promote treatment goals. B. Today's design – There are four basic models found in America's prisons. 1.Radial Design: Eastern, Auburn, Leavenworth, Roadway, and Trenton. 2. Telephone-pole Design: most commonly used for maximum security prisons: Exaggerator, Marion, Somers, Jackson. 3. Courtyard Style: mom of the newer facilities are the courtyard style. 4. Campus Style: long used for juvenile or women's facilities 5. Today prison construction is greatly influenced by cost. C. Location of Prisons: As in the past, most are located in rural areas. 1. Even though most prison inmates come from cities and reintegration has been the prime correctional goal, new institutions are still being built in the countryside. . Rural whites are hired to guard urban blacks. 3. Many citizens believe that serious offenders should be incarceration, but not in their community (NIMBI syndrome). 4. Some economically depressed areas have elected prisons to bring in Jobs and revivalist the local economy D. Classification of Prisons: 1. Maximum Security Prison – closed custody prisons hold 35% of inmates); usually an awesome edifice with high stone walls studded with guard towers; designed to prevent escapes and to deter prisoners from harming each other. 2.Medium Security Prison: hold 47% of inmates; externally they resemble the maximum security prison, but organized on a different basis and atmosphere is less rigid and tense. 3. Minimum Security Prison: holds 18% of prisoners, the least violent offenders; lacks tower guards and walls. E. Private prisons entrant with private companies to furnish food and medic al services, educational and vocational training and other services. 3. Now, governments hire corporations to house prisoner in privately owned facilities. 4. By midyear 2003, a total of 94,361 inmates were being held in private facilities. . The private prison business is dominated by the Corrections Corporation of America and Hackett Corrections Corporation. 6. Problems with private facilities a. Differences in programming b. Costs c. Accountability d. Legal issues 7. Corrections is a multimillion dollar government-funded enterprise that purchases applies, materials, and services from the private sector. 8. Private entrepreneurs argue that they can build and run prisons at least as effectively, safely, and humanely as any level of government can, at a profit and a lower cost to taxpayers. 9.Private prison corporations need to fill their cells in order to be profitable. 10. Liability of Guards?the U. S. Supreme Court said that private prison guards did not have legal protection und er Section 1983 and are fully liable for their actions when they violate a protected right. 1 1 . There are fears that the private corporations will press to maintain high occupancy and will be interested in skimming off the best inmates, leaving the troublesome ones to the public correctional system. V. Who is in Prison A. Data on the characteristics of prisoners is limited (figure 10. ). 1. A majority of prisoners are men aged of 25-44 2. Members of minority groups 3. Approximately 40 percent have not completed high school. 4. 44 percent of prisoners are rearrested with the first year of release. 5. Within 3 years, approximately 25 percent of all released inmates will return to prison. B. Elderly prisoners – An increasing number of prison inmates are older than 55 and eve housing, medical, program, and release service needs that differ from the In the general population, special housing accommodations average inmate. 1. Should be made. 2.The elderly are more likely to devel op chronic illnesses such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer. 3. Prison work assignments must be tailored to fit their physical and mental abilities. 4. Preparation for release to community supervision or to hospice services require time and special efforts. 5. As people get older they become less dangerous. C. Prisoners with HIVE/AIDS: In the coming years, AIDS in expected to be the leading cause of death among males aged 35 and younger; with 57% of the inmates population under 35, correctional officials must cope with the problem of HIVE. . In 2001, there were more than 24,000 HIVE-positive inmates (3. 2 percent of the prison population). 2. The high rate of infection among inmates can be explained by the prisoners' â€Å"high risk† behaviors. 3. Only 18 states test all new inmates for HIVE. D. Mentally Ill Prisoners: Mass closings of public hospitals for the mentally ill began in the asses; new antispasmodic drugs made treating patients in the community seem retirement o nly works if the drugs are taken and clinics and halfway houses exist to assist the mentally ill. . Homelessness is the most public sign of the lack of programs for the mentally ill. 3. With the expansion of prisons and greater emphasis on public order offenses, arrest and incarceration have become the price many pay for their illness. E. Long Term Inmates – more prisoners serve long sentences in the US than in any other Western nation. 1. Harsh sentencing policies of the last 30 years?three-strikes, mandatory minimums, truth-in-sentencing?the amount of time revered is increasing. 2.An estimated 11-15% of all prisoners (well over 100,000) will serve more than 7 years in prison. 3. Long-term prisoners generally are not seen as control problems. 4. Administrators must find ways of making long-term prison life livable. 5. 310,000 prisoners are currently serving at least 20 year sentences. 6. Each life sentence costs taxpayers an estimated $1 million. 7. Severe depression, feelin gs of hopelessness, and other health problems are common among long teeters. 8. Long term inmates are charged with less disciplinary infractions that short term inmates.

Rise of Drones

The Rise of Drones in the United States Kayla Mazzoni SOC 120: Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Instructor: Nadine M. Acevedo March 4, 2013 , Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, are aerial systems that can be remotely controlled for short and long range military and civilian purposes. There are all different types of drones with different shapes and sizes and different capabilities. They are usually equipped with a camera and can also be armed with missiles. Drones can be a very useful tool for the military. Bringing them into the United States to use against U.S. citizens may be very helpful, but it may do more harm than good. Drones can be put into five different categories including, target and decoy, reconnaissance, combat, research and development, and civil and commercial UAV’s. Target and decoy drones provide ground and aerial gunnery a target that simulates an enemy aircraft or missile. Reconnaissance drones provide battlefield intell igence. Combat drones provide attack capability for high-risk missions. Research and development drones are used to further develop UAV technologies to be integrated into field deployed UAV aircraft.Civil and commercial drones are specifically designed for civil and commercial applications. If drones are used properly, they could bring a lot of good to the United States. They can be used to help protect the public, monitor wildlife, manage resources, and promote scientific research. Small drones can provide immediate situational awareness to first responders; transported in the trunk of a police vehicle, the back of a fire truck, or carried in a backpack, drones give them a birds-eye view of the situation, day or night, to save lives and protect property.Drones are already being used to monitor sensitive wildlife areas and populations. Small drones are increasingly providing a means of collecting important information in inaccessible areas to facilitate more effective resource manag ement. Dams, pipelines, offshore oil platforms, microwave transmission towers, power plants and ports are some examples of large, sometimes remote infrastructure that can be accessed easily and safely by small drones to provide color and thermal video for convenient visual inspection.Peering into a volcano is made easier and safer with small drones and is just one example of the new ways they can help scientists gain a better understanding of the way earth and its biosphere operate. In recent news, a former LAPD police officer and ex-United States Navy reservist by the name of Christopher Dorner was charged a series of shooting attacks on police officers and their families. From February 3rd, to February 12th, four people were killed, including two police officers. Three police officers were wounded as well.He was the subject of one of the largest manhunts in LAPD history, spanning two U. S. states and Mexico. Before Dorner died during a standoff with police at a cabin in the San Be rnardino Mountains, there was talk that Dorner was being hunted by U. S. drones. Some agencies flatly denied drone use in this case, but others have refused to confirm or deny whether drones were being used. If drones were used to help find Dorner, it should not be covered up or overlooked. There are significant barriers to the Army’s use of unmanned aerial systems within the United States. Use of DOD intelligence capabilities for DSCA missions -such as incident awareness and assessment, damage assessment, and search and rescue – requires prior Secretary of Defense approval, together with approval, together with approval of both the mission and use of the exact DOD intelligence community capabilities. Certain missions require not only approval of Secretary of Defense, but also coordination, certification, and possibly, prior approval by the Attorney General of the United States. As a general rule, ‘Military forces cannot use military systems for surveillance and pursuit of individuals’. This is precluded by the Posse Comitatus Act, as reflected in DoD Directive 5525. 5. (John Glaser, February 18, 2013) The Pentagon now has over seven thousand aerial drones, compared with fewer than fifty a decade ago. Last year's budget included nearly five billion for drone research, development and procurement. The CIA has about thirty Predator and Reaper drones, which are operated by Air Force pilots from a U. S. military base in an undisclosed state. The cost per flight hour varies by the type of drone. Predator and Reaper drones cost about $2500 – $3500 per flight hour.Larger armed systems such as the military’s Global Hawk cost about ten times as much. The use of drones by the United States Government is constantly evolving. Currently, the U. S. military, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Central Intelligence Agency own and operate drones overseas and along the U. S. -Mexico border. In the last decade, the U. S. governm ent has come to rely increasingly on drones for surveillance and air strikes. Even local law enforcement agencies have begun to use drones for surveillance.It is unlikely that domestic drones will be armed, but as use rises, there are growing concerns related to privacy and civil rights. The USA has been legally defined as the new â€Å"battlefield† by the National defense authorization act which also allows for the arrest and indefinite detention of American citizens without trial, without legal representation and even without the ever being charged. Drone strikes are completely silent because the Hellfire missiles they are armed with arrive faster than the speed of sound. You would not even hear the missile until after its explosion.The blast radius of a Hellfire missile is fifteen to twenty meters and everything inside that radius is completely obliterated. This is more than enough to destroy entire homes, apartments and office buildings, not to mention vehicles and light bunkers. There is virtually no citizen defense against drones and they can strike targets anywhere in the country with zero warning. Currently, the two primary agencies using drones abroad are the U. S. military and the CIA. Decisions to use drones for surveillance are generally made within the usual military and civilian chain of command structures.The process for deciding to use drones for strikes in countries that are not declared combat zones are less well known. Most of the drones that have begun to appear in the skies above the U. S. don’t resemble the Predators or Reapers flown by the U. S. military and CIA above Afghanistan and Pakistan. Instead, these smaller versions of flying unmanned vehicles almost rival the animal kingdom in their diversity. Government agencies such as NASA and U. S Customs and Border Protection operate aircraft-size military drones that take off from runways like airplanes.Labs in the United States have even built tiny drones that look like hum mingbirds. Most drones resemble the radio-controlled aircraft and toy helicopters flown by hobbyists for decades. They are capable of taking off horizontally, vertically, or being throw into the air. Jim Williams, a Federal Aviation Administration official, stated that no armed drones would presently be permitted in U. S. airspace. But what good are the promises of government officials when the Constitution, especially the Fourth Amendment, has been gutted? â€Å"More than one thousand four hundred applications to use drones in U.S. airspace have been approved for police, universities, and at least seven federal agencies. † (Ron Paul, February 18, 2013) Emotivism offers a perspective on our ethical claims that eliminates much of the traditional kind of argument based on reason. â€Å"Something is good, on this view, if it is something about which we feel good, something is wrong if it is something about which we feel bad. † (Mosser, K. 2010) When it comes to drones, so me people may feel good about them and others may think that they will be wrongfully used. Our world can be turned upside down completely by misuse of drones.Yes, they can help us find criminals and missing people, but they can also be used to do a lot of harm. Do we want to live in a society where the government is constantly above us watching? The East Germans and Soviets could only dream of such technology in the days of their dictatorships. We might ask ourselves how long before â€Å"extraordinary† circumstances will lead to decision to arm those drones over US territory? Refrences Ron Paul (2/18/2013) Infowars. com John Glaser (2/18/2013) Antiwar. com Mosser, K (2010) Introduction to ethics and social responsibility. San Diego, Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

Ban on arts in schools essays

Ban on arts in schools essays Through my High School career I have made many decisions on what I want to become as a mature adult. These would include where I want to go to college, what do I want to specialize in, and how can I obtain these goals. Also in my high school the administrators have talked about putting a ban on what I consider to be my future. Singing, dancing, and acting have always been a huge part of my life I strive to become better in all three of these fields by performing in the schools musical company and choirs. Different students have different talents and different goals in their lives, to take something away that could help students obtain their goals is absurd. When researching this particular subject I was puzzled by one question. Why the arts? If the school has to save money there are many other programs that the school could get rid of that take up empty space. Things like art and music are extremely important in our society today they play a very important role in preserving culture the fine arts are something we should celebrate not throw out. What was surprising to me was the fact that no discussions had been raised in my school to eliminate the sports programs that drink most of the schools funds like a big bottle of Gatorade. If they wanted some extra money all they would have to do is shut down a sport or two like baseball or tennis and they would have plenty of money for whatever it is they use it for. Now I am not suggesting that we throw out sports and keep the arts that would be hypocritical. What I am saying is that we cannot deny one group of students the right to express themselves and give the rest the right to choose their own future. I plan to go to college and pursue a career in performing art because I was offered the chance to try it in high school and I am sure Im not the only one to do so. If we take away that chance where will that leave kids in the future? Schools are designed t ...

Definition and Examples of Vocabulary

Definition and Examples of Vocabulary Vocabulary refers to all the words of a language, or to the words used by a particular person or group. Also called  wordstock,  lexicon, and lexis. English has a stunningly bastard vocabulary, says linguist John McWhorter. Out of all of the words in the Oxford English Dictionary,...no less than ninetys and Observations below. Also see: Active Vocabulary and Passive VocabularyCommon Word RootsIntroduction to EtymologyLexical CompetenceLexicalizationLexicogrammar Vocabulary-Building Exercises and Quizzes Vocabulary Quiz #1: Defining Words in ContextVocabulary Quiz on the I Have a Dream Speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. EtymologyFrom the Latin, name Examples and Observations How many words are there in the English language?No easy answer is possible. In order to reach a credible total, there must be agreement about what to count as an item of vocabulary and also something physical to count or to serve as the basis for an estimate . . ..In effect, the overall vocabulary is beyond strict statistical assessment. Nonetheless, limited counts take place and serve useful ends, and some rough indications can be given about the overall vocabulary. The Oxford English Dictionary (1989) defines over 500,000 items described as words in a promotional press release. The average college, desk, or family dictionary defines over 100,000 such items. Specialist dictionaries contain vast lists of words and word-like items . . .. When printed material of this kind is taken into account, along with lists of geographical, zoological, botanical, and other usages, the crude but credible total for words and word-like forms in present-day English is somewhere over a billion items.( Tom McArthur, The Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 1992) Vocabulary AcquisitionBy age two, spoken vocabulary usually exceeds 200 words. . . . Three-year-olds have an active vocabulary of at least 2,000 words, and some have far more. By five, the figure is well over 4,000. The suggestion is that they are learning, on average, three or four new words a day.(David Crystal, How Language Works. Overlook, 2005)A Bastard VocabularyEnglish, probably more so than any language on earth, has a stunningly bastard vocabulary. Somewhere between 80 and 90 percent of all the words in the OED [Oxford English Dictionary] were born from other languages. Old English, lest we forget, was already an amalgam of Germanic tongues, Celtic, and Latin, with pinches of Scandinavian and Old French influence as well.(David Wolman, Righting the Mother Tongue: From Olde English to Email, the Tangled Story of English Spelling. Harper, 2010)The vocabulary of English is currently 70 to 80 percent composed of words of Greek and Latin origin, but it is certainly not a Romance language, it is a Germanic one. Evidence of this may be found in the fact that it is quite easy to create a sentence without words of Latin origin, but pretty much impossible to make one that has no words from Old English.(Ammon Shea, Bad English: A History of Linguistic Aggravation. Pergee, 2014) Canadian English VocabularyTo summarize the comparative status of the vocabulary of Canadian English, it may be said that, where British and American English differ, Canadian English inclines usually toward American forms; that the language brought by American and British settlers was transferred to Canada largely intact, without a significant degree of differentiation caused by contact with Canadian Aboriginal languages (or with French); and that the number of true Canadianisms, which is to say Canadian words for things that have other names in other dialects, is small, but nonetheless adequate for asserting the status of Canadian English as an identifiable dialect at the lexical levela distinct type of North American English.(Charles Boberg, The English Language in Canada: Status, History and Comparative Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 2010)British English and American English[T]here is a much greater number of American words and expressions in British English than vice versa . The much stronger flow of borrowing seems to go from American to British. Moreover, in general speakers of British English appear to know more Americanisms than speakers of American English know British words and expressions.(Zoltn Kà ¶vecses, American English: An Introduction. Broadview Press, 2000) Scottish EnglishThe official and usual literary language of Scotland has for three centuries been Standard Englishpronounced, though, with a Scottish accent and retaining a few Scotticisms in vocabulary. This Scottish English co-exists with Scots in an accent and traditional-dialect set-up comparable with that found in the north of England . . ..(John Christopher Wells, Accents of English: The British Isles. Cambridge University Press, 1986)Australian EnglishAustralian English is particularly interesting for its rich store of highly colloquial words and expressions. Australian colloquialisms often involve shortening a word. Sometimes the ending -ie or -o is then added, e.g. a truckie is a truck or lorry-driver and a milko delivers the milk; beaut, short for beautiful means great and biggie is a big one. Oz is short for Australia and Aussie is an Australian.(Michael McCarthy and Felicity ODell, English Vocabulary in Use: Upper-Intermediate, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2001) The Lighter Side of VocabularyEd Miller: I was with a girl once. Wasnt a squaw, but she was purty. She had yellow hair, like, uh . . . oh, like something.Dick Liddil: Like hair bobbed from a ray of sunlight?Ed Miller: Yeah, yeah. Like that. Boy, you talk good.Dick Liddil: You can hide things in vocabulary.(Garret Dillahunt and Paul Schneider in The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford, 2007) Pronunciation: vo-KAB-ye-lar-ee

Journal on The counterculture in the sixities Essay

Journal on The counterculture in the sixities - Essay Example ld are not as free as they think because they are slaves to convention, unable to speak freely about sex or politics, which is an indirect reference to the horrors of war which people tolerate without speaking up. In the second article, Schneeman describes how actors graphically demonstrate the body toll in war by dragging bodies along the stage, while the third article (1967) describes the fate of six men who were drafted into the war from Brooklyn and ultimately died. Another theme is the need to introduce more realism into theatre, without any need to dress it up with the propaganda that forms a part of daily life. All three articles argue towards this end – life is dramatic enough to be portrayed realistically (Beck 1965). There is the underlying implication in all three articles that people are living their lives without being true to themselves, and there is a need for theatre to highlight grim realities and bring people face to face with their inner selves, whether through seeing jail inmates as human beings or witnessing horrific events occurring. An acceptance of reality and adopting a non condemning attitude towards drug users is also an implicit theme in all three articles that argue for more realistic portrayals through theatre and for people to face up to unpleasant images. The Sixties counterculture was focused towards a release of such inhibitions which were deemed to afflict conventional society. I was struck by the singular role of theatre in contributing to the anti-war movement, which is evident in all the articles. They must have packed an impact during the sixties, when such visceral images as those described by Scheeman must have been quite a shock compared to the predictable quality of typical theatre devoid of realism. Realism in theatre and film is now commonplace and it made me realize how much we owe to the movement in the Sixties, to radically change long entrenched ideas. I also found some of the views expressed in the articles to